What is a disadvantage of a matrix structure?

A matrix structure is designed to facilitate the sharing of resources across different projects and teams, which can significantly enhance flexibility and responsiveness within an organization. However, this structure often creates an environment where reporting lines can become confusing.

In a matrix organization, employees typically report to more than one manager—often a functional manager and a project or product manager. This dual reporting can lead to situations where team members are unsure about which manager to prioritize, especially when different managers have conflicting demands or priorities. The ambiguity surrounding who is ultimately responsible for directing work can create stress and reduce overall productivity. Consequently, confusion about reporting relationships can undermine the effectiveness of the structure, as it may hinder employees' ability to understand their roles and responsibilities clearly.

The other options describe benefits typically associated with a matrix structure. While encouraging effective use of resources, enhancing team collaboration, and improving task accountability are all positive aspects of a matrix setup, the confusion around reporting lines stands out as a significant disadvantage that organizations need to manage effectively.